The Horn of Africa’s security and social environment

Summary

The Horn of Africa region has always been of particular importance within the strategies related to the interests of regional and international powers for achievement of their goals on the African continent, despite their different means and tools for achieving their goals, according to the nature of the variables of the international order. The Horn of Africa is rich in many chronic crises and conflicts that are part of the causes of instability, such as border disputes between the countries of the region such as: the Ethiopian-Eritrean conflict, the Djibouti-Eritrean conflict, the Somali-Ethiopian conflict, and crises of terrorism and piracy, in addition to the crises of the export of illegal immigration and refugees, and other factors, most notably, the fact that the region enjoys many natural resources such as oil and natural gas, and some of these countries enjoy an important geographical location, which has led to the militarization of the region through the establishment of several foreign military bases in the region for achievement of political, military and economic goals. This gave the region great geostrategic importance, and contributed to scramble of international and regional towards the Horn of Africa.