This study introduces various definitions of addiction, and addresses drug dependence, drug habituation, statistics and figures related to addiction over the world, addiction types and symptoms, and treatment programs, including physical and psychological treatment.
The study addresses the importance of the army in ancient Egypt, and its role in peace and war, through two topics and a conclusion with the most important results reached by the study.
This article addresses the Egyptian agricultural policies, the giant agricultural projects that serve major corporations, the policy of production for export, and controlling the production of milk and focusing it in the hands of these major companies. The paper also addresses the crisis of likely severe shortage in water, raising several questions about the decline from defending water rights to accepting anything and attempting to adapt to impositions of the general state of weakness in the internal and external policies that dominate Egypt.
This study seeks to explain the impact of political transformations on the reality of education in Tunisia, considering the political dimension directly related to the educational dimension, the argument of the relationship between them, and the total results achieved in different periods of Tunisia’s history, starting from independence up to January 14, 2011 revolution.
The article seeks to monitor aspects of the militarization of the administration and decision-making positions in various sectors of the Ministry of Transport, identify the reasons that contributed to militarization of the Ministry of Transport, and discuss the problems arising from summoning leaders from outside the institution to manage it and the impact of this on the human cadres in the ministry and the decisions of officials coming from outside the institution. The study also addresses the effect of controlling reins of management in any institution by leaders belonging to one faction, and the impact of the control of military leaders on a civilian institution in terms of accountability and decision-making.
This study is an attempt to understand the framework of the “September 20 mobilization”, and why the researcher calls it “a conditional protest contract”? Does this conditionality mean that Egyptians reversed options of January 25 revolution? What is the alternative to ‘conditional protest’? What are these conditions? And why Egyptians insist on that ‘conditional protest’? Will the criteria for judging the “September 20 mobilization’ apply to any coming mobilization?
This paper aims to study, analyze and track developments of the role of Egyptian diplomatic apparatus before and after the revolution. It addresses the issue of state diplomacy and regime diplomacy, as well as the concept and meaning of the role of diplomacy, whether in making or implementing foreign policy. The study explores whether the role played by Egyptian diplomats is governed by the vision, orientation, and trend of the Egyptian diplomatic apparatus, or they are merely civil servants subject to directives and orientations of the regime?
This study seeks to answer the following questions: Can the Arab Spring affect the public policy researcher and the way of addressing issues? What are the distinctions and differences if there are any? How can a public policy researcher in the Arab world address the context of the Arab Spring in a way that may lead to better results for produced studies and papers as well as the Arab countries and peoples?
This article examines the performance of the political system in Ethiopia, its approach to settling the national issue and national integration, through analyzing the intellectual formulas to build the political system and the policies that have been adopted in formation of power and political parties, given that these components may help in identifying the course of politics in Ethiopia.
This paper raises the need to answer new developments arising from the reality of questions related to the future of national sovereignty in light of the modern international orientation network related to economic, social, cultural and political changes, that are produced by the new global system. Thus, it arouses the interest of statesmen and policymakers.
The study proceeds from assuming that Ankara has signed the memoranda of understanding with Libya’s UN-recognized Government of National Accord (GNA) within the framework of a legal maneuver, as Ankara has not signed a final agreement with GNA, based on its awareness of the need to ratify the final agreements by Parliament. However, Turkey wanted to test the pulse of the Mediterranean basin actors and explore their positions by activating these memos, and then move according to these positions.
The paper seeks to explore the future geopolitical effects of the American deal known as the “deal of the century” on several Middle East countries. It has become clear that the deal aims to terminate the file of the Arab-Israeli conflict related to the Palestinian issue. Given its ramifications, the Palestinian issue can only be terminated at the expense of several neighboring countries, through redrawing borders to form the expected “New Palestine” State, which will mostly be at the expense of Egypt. According to the deal, the issue of Palestinian refugees is expected to be resolved at the expense of Jordan and Lebanon.
This study seeks to answer the question: What is the future of Arab countries in light of the cultures of fear, hope, and humiliation and to what extent are they able to transform emotions of fear and humiliation into feelings of trust and hope?
This study addresses the phenomenon of informality which represents accumulation of exceptional cases that continue and spread, leading to several negative effects. Among the most prominent reasons that allow empowerment of informality is the phenomenon of power or authority and its perceptions towards itself and others, as well as the state of indifference and lack of awareness that dominates a society. The study concludes that: authoritarian power + indifference and lack of awareness in society = accumulation and devotion of the phenomenon of informality.
